Timeline (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)

Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum althistory is consists of several different narratives within it which converged into one big timeline, having been developed around the parallel Point of Divergences called the Holms. A major holm is signified by being bolded, while a minor holm is signified by being italicized.

1200[]

1282 – Mongols invaded the Japanese islands (February 13).
1283 – Japan accepted the suzerainty of the Yuan Dynasty (June 22); Conjeveram-Thaton monks from Burma moved to Ahom in northeast India and converted King Subinphaa to Theravada Buddhism.
1284 –
1285 –
1286 –
1287 – Shingon and Tendai schools of Buddhism was declared official schools of the Imperial Court of Kyoto (April 12).
1288 –
1289 –
1290 – The outset of a civil war in Hungary between the nobles who supporting King Ladislaus IV the Cuman and the ones against him.
1291 – Ahom religious mission, led by monk Prajnananda, converted other Assamese rulers to Theravada Buddhism.
1292 – The loyalists of Ladislaus IV prevailed and the patrimonial rule of the Arpad dynasty was restored.
1293 –
1294 – Ladislaus IV led a military campaign to conquer Dacia.
1295 –
1296 –
1297 –
1298 – Wallachia was conquered by the Hungarian army of Ladislaus IV.
1299 – Chagatai Mongols defeated the army of the Delhi Sultanate and occupied the capital city of Delhi, killing Sultan Alaudin Khalji and his commanders (December 29).

1300[]

1300 –
1301 – Lev I of Halyich died and his realm, Galicia-Volhynia, ceased to exist following an invasion by the Hungarians.
1302 – Hungary invaded Bulgaria that had been succumbed into a semi-anarchy.
1303 – The Delhi Sultanate stopped the advance of the Chagatai Mongols in a battle nears the Yamuna river.
1304 – Ladislaus IV of Hungary signed a peace treaty with Emperor Andronikos II of Byzantium, dividing the Balkans into two spheres of influence.
1305 – Chagatai army crushed the last pocket of resistance of the Delhi Sultanate in Benares, completing the conquest of northern India.
1306 –
1307 – Duwa died and was replaced by his son Könchek as the Chagatai khan; Ladislaus IV of Hungary expelled the Mongols out of the Balkans in alliance with Stefan Milutin of Serbia.
1308 – Genoese colony of Caffa in Crimea was saved by Hungary from the Mongol destructions during the first Hungarian-Mongol War; Könchek died and was replaced by Taliqu as the Chagatai khan.
1309 – Duwa's son, Kebek, overthrew Taliqu and became new Chagatai khan.
1310 – Kebek stepped down as the Chagatai khan on the behalf of his brother Esen Buqa.
1311 –
1312 –
1313 –
1314 –
1315 – Second Hungarian-Mongol War, Sarai was destroyed by the Hungarian army; Chagatai Mongols invaded the Hoysala Empire in central India, pillaging many cities on their ways.
1316 –
1317 –
1318 – Emperor Hanazono abdicated and Prince Takaharu ascended as Emperor Go-Daigo of Japan (March 29); Kebek returned to power as the Chagatai khan following Esen Buqa's death.
1319 –
1320 –
1321 – Emperor Go-Daigo centralized imperial powers in Japan, starting the Kemmu Restoration; Kebek Khan ordered an invasion against the Hoysala Empire for the second time.
1322 –
1323 –
1324 – Harisimhadeva, the Karnat ruler of Tirhut, converted from Vaishnavism to Theravada Buddhism and renamed himself "Chakravarti."
1325 – Chakravarti expanded the Karnat rule into Bihar, ousting the Delhi vassal rulers.
1326 – Ladislaus IV died near the Don due to illness during the third Hungarian-Mongol War; Eljigidey became new Chagatai khan after the death of his brother Kebek.
1327 – Prince Masayasu launched a coup against Emperor Go-Daigo in opposition to the Kemmu Restoration (May 17); Chakravarti's son, Aryananda, expanded the Karnat rule into the Kathmandu Valley; Ladislaus V, the son of Ladislaus IV, was crowned at the Kiev Kurultaj.
1328 –
1329 – A civil war in Japan between the imperial court and the supporters of the Bakufu (September 13); Eljigidey was overthrown by Duwa Temür.
1330 – Duwa Temür was toppled by his brother Tarmashirin.
1331 – Tarmashirin ordered an invasion against the Hoysalas for the third time, effectively weakening the polity.
1332 –
1333 – Emperor Go-Daigo moved the capital of Japan from Kyoto to Ōtsu (March 1); Buzan, Duwa Temür's son, became new Chagatai khan at the death of Tarmashirin.
1334 –
1335 – Changshi overthrew his uncle Buzan and became new Chagatai khan.
1336 –
1337 – Changshi was murdered in a power struggle and his brother Yesun Temur became new Chagatai khan.
1338 –
1339 – Emperor Go-Daigo abdicated and was replaced by Prince Noriyoshi as Emperor Go-Murakami (September 18); 'Ali-Sultan toppled Yesun Temur and became new Chagatai khan.
1340 –
1341 –
1342 – Muhammad I ibn Pulad replaced 'Ali-Sultan as the Chagatai khan.
1343 – Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur replaced Muhammad I as the Chagatai khan.
1344 –
1345 – The imperial army destroyed the last military resistance, completing the imperial consolidation and ending the civil war in Japan (May 7).
1346 – Qazan Khan died, leading to a period of civil wars among the Mongol chiefs in the Chagatai Khanate.
1347 – Tughlugh Timur ascended as a Chagatai khan in Moghulistan.
1348 –
1349 – Japan ended its tributary relationship with the Yuan with the rise of the Ming in China.
1350 – Tughlugh Timur made Delhi his winter capital and renamed it "Khanabad", shifting the administrative powers away from Central Asia to India.
1351 – Tributary relationship was established between Japan and the Kingdom of Hokuzan in the Ryukyus.
1352 –
1353 –
1354 –
1355 –
1356 –
1357 –
1358 – A punitive expedition was sent Emperor Go-Murakami of Japan to the Tayaru in Taiwan.
1359 –
1360 –
1361 – Tughlugh Timur gained control of Transoxiana, reuniting the Chagatai Khanate under his rule.
1362 –
1363 – Tughlugh Timur died and was replaced by his son Ilyas Khoja.
1364 –
1365 – Stephen VI ascended to the throne of Hungary replacing Ladislaus V; Transoxiana revolted against Ilyas Khoja, leaving his realm only in Moghulistan and Hindustan.
1366 – Stephen VI of Hungary subjugated the Golden Horde, sacking Sarai in progress.
1367 –
1368 – Emperor Go-Murakami died and Prince Yutanari ascended as Emperor Chōkei of Japan (March 29); Emperor Taiqiong declared independence of the state of Dali in the present-day Yunnan, China from the Yuan, establishing the Li dynasty; Qamar-ud-din Khan, a Duglat amir, wrested control from Ilyas Khoja as the Chagatai khan.
1369 – The Li subjugated the Shan states in Burma.
1370 – Hungary and Poland entered into a personal union under Stephen VI.
1371 –
1372 – The Li entered the Indian sub-continent, subjugating Manipur, Kamata and Ahom.
1373 – The conquest of Bengal by the Li following the defeat of Sikandar Shah at the Second Battle of Pandua.
1374 –
1375 – Stephen VI of Hungary sent the punitive invasion against the Chagatai Khanate.
1376 –
1377 –
1378 – Second punitive invasion was sent by Stephen VI to the Chagatai Khanate, making the western part of the khanate, Transoxiana, a vassal of Hungary.
1379 –
1380 –
1381 – Emperor Chōkei launched a military campaign against the Ainu people in Ezo and Karafuto, subjugating the islands under the imperial rule.
1382 – Li dynasty repulsed the Ming invasion.
1383 – Emperor Chōkei abdicated and his brother Prince Hironari ascended as Emperor Go-Kameyama of Japan (November 27).
1384 –
1385 – Stephen VI dispatched diplomatic mission to the court of Hongwu Emperor of the Ming dynasty.
1386 –
1387 –
1388 –
1389 –
1390 – Hungarian diplomatic entourage arrived at the court of Emperor Go-Kameyama in Otsu.
1391 – Stephen VII ascended to the throne of Hungary at the death of Stephen VI.
1392 – Yi Seong-gye overthrew the Goryeo Dynasty and founded the Joseon Dynasty in Korea as King Taejo (July 17); Qamar-ud-din disappeared during a battle against the Timurid Empire and was replaced by Khizr Khoja, Ilyas Khoja's son.
1393 –
1394 –
1395 – First Japanese invasion to the Philippines was defeated by the Tondo Kingdom in Luzon.
1396 –
1397 –
1398 – Taejo abdicated and was replaced by Prince Yeongan who ascended as Jeongjong of Korea (September 5).
1399 – Khizr Khoja died and was replaced by his son Shams-i-Jahan as the Chagatai khan of Moghulistan and Hindustan.

1400[]

1400 – Tondo entered a dual tributary relationship with both the Ming and the Japanese following the second Japanese invasion; Jeongjong was overthrown by his brother Prince Jeongan who ascended as Taejong of Korea (November 13).
1401 –
1402 –
1403 –
1404 –
1405 –
1406 –
1407 –
1408 –
1409 –
1410 –
1411 –
1412 –
1413 –
1414 –
1415 –
1416 –
1417 – Stephen VII died and was replaced by his son Sigismund of Hungary.
1418 – Taejong abdicated on the behalf of his son, Sejong (August 10).
1419 –
1420 –
1421 –
1422 – Lithuania expanded into eastern Ruthenia, weakening the Hungarian hegemony in eastern Europe.
1423 –
1424 – Emperor Seishō ascended to the throne of Japan after the death of his father, Emperor Go-Kameyama (May 10).
1425 –
1426 –
1427 – King Sejong issued an edict banning the practice of Islam in Korea.
1428 –
1429 – Tirhut was conquered by the Li dynasty, formally ending the Karnat Empire.
1430 –
1431 –
1432 –
1433 –
1434 –
1435 –
1436 –
1437 – Sigismund II ascended to the throne of Hungary following the death of his father Sigismund.
1438 –
1439 –
1440 –
1441 –
1442 –
1443 – Sigismund II died heirless and was replaced by his cousin Stephen VIII of Hungary; Prince Yasuhito ascended as Emperor Go-Chōkei of Japan after the death of his father Emperor Seishō (May 7).
1444 –
1445 –
1446 – Sejong published Hunminjeongum which establish the native alphabets of Korea, hangul (October 9).
1447 –
1448 –
1449 – Sejong published Jeongeum-munbeop which establish the Korean grammatical rule (August 25); a ban on the practice of Islam in Korea was lifted by Sejong (October 26).
1450 – Munjong ascended to the throne of Korea at the death of Sejong (April 8).
1451 – Afghan warlord, Bahlul Khan Lodi, captured Khanabad and restored the Delhi Sultanate, forcing the Chagatais to evacuate to Moghulistan (April 20).
1452 – Munjong died and was replaced by his son Danjong (June 10).
1453 –
1454 –
1455 – Danjong was toppled by his uncle Prince Sunyang who ascended as Sejo of Korea (August 3).
1456 –
1457 –
1458 –
1459 –
1460 – Hungary completely lost its possessions and vassals in Central Asia.
1461 –
1462 –
1463 –
1464 –
1465 –
1466 –
1467 –
1468 – Sejo abdicated on the behalf of his son Yejong of Korea (September 22).
1469 –
1470 – Yejong died and inherited the throne to his nephew Seongjong of Korea (January 9)
1471 – Solomon II replaced his late father, Stephen VIII, as the king of Hungary.
1472 –
1473 –
1474 –
1475 –
1476 –
1477 –
1478 – Emperor Ashihara ascended to the throne of Japan replacing his late father Emperor Go-Chōkei; Moscow broke the tributary relationship with Hungary, expanding the tsardom into western Ruthenia and Novgorod.
1479 –
1480 –
1481 –
1482 –
1483 –
1484 –
1485 –
1486 –
1487 – Chagatai Khanate was broken up into the Yarkent Khanate in the west and the Turpan Khanate in the northeast.
1488 –
1489 – Bela V replaced his late father, Solomon II, as the king of Hungary.
1490 –
1491 –
1492 –
1493 –
1494 –
1495 – Seongjong died and was replaced by his son Prince Yeonsan (January 20).
1496 –
1497 –
1498 –
1499 –

1500[]

1500 –
1501 –
1502 –
1503 –
1504 –
1505 –
1506 – Prince Yeonsan was dethroned and replaced by his half-brother, Prince Jinseong, who ascended as Jungjong of Korea (September 18); Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado ascended the throne of Japan at the death of Emperor Ashihara.
1507 –
1508 –
1509 –
1510 – Bela V died and was replaced by Bela VI of Hungary
1511 –
1512 –
1513 –
1514 –
1515 – Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado died and was replaced by his brother who ascended as Emperor Akizugawa of Japan.
1516 –
1517 –
1518 –
1519 –
1520 –
1521 –
1522 –
1523 –
1524 –
1525 –
1526 – Babur, the descendant of Chagatai Khan, conquered the Delhi Sultanate at the Battle of Panipat (April 20); Ottoman Empire defeated the Hungarian army at the Battle of Mohács, severely ending the Hungarian domination in Europe (August 29).
1527 –
1528 –
1529 – The Li were defeated by the Mughals at the Battle of Ghaghra.
1530 – Bela VI of Hungary died, triggering a succession crisis (January 11); The Kurultaj at Székesfehérvár elected John Zápolya, Voivode of Transylvania, Bela VI's son-in-law as new king (April 25); Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, the cousin of Bela VI, contested Zápolya's claimant to the throne and elected himself king of Hungary by a diet in Pozsony (December 17); Humayun succeeded his father Babur as the Mughal emperor of India (December 26).
1531 –
1532 –
1533 – John Zápolya made Hungary a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.
1534 –
1535 –
1536 –
1537 –
1538 – Emperor Go-Nara ascended to the throne of Japan after Emperor Akizugawa's death.
1539 – Bengal was conquered by the Sur Empire of Sher Shah Suri, driving the Li to Burma.
1540 – Sher Shah Suri deposed Humayun and founded the Sur Empire in India (May 17); John Zápolya died and, as his son John Sigismund Zápolya still underaged, his wife Queen Dowager Esther assumed power (July 22).
1541 – Queen Dowager Esther was allocated a land east of the Tisza River by the Ottomans.
1542 –
1543 –
1544 – Injong succeeded his late father Jungjong as the king of Korea (November 28).
1545 – Islam Shah Suri ascended as the Sur emperor of India, replacing his late father Sher Shah Suri (May 22); Injong died and was succeeded by his half-brother Myeongjong of Korea (August 8).
1546 –
1547 –
1548 –
1549 –
1550 –
1551 –
1552 –
1553 –
1554 – Islam Shah Suri died and was replaced by his son Firuz Shah Suri (November 22); Firuz Shah Suri was murdered by his second cousin Muhammad Adil Shah who ascended as the Sur emperor of India (December 16).
1555 – Ibrahim Shah Suri toppled Muhammad Adil Shah and became new Sur emperor (January 17); Sikandar Shah Suri toppled Ibrahim Shah Suri and became new Sur emperor (February 14); Humayun's army defeated the Sur army at the Battle of Sirhind, restoring the Mughal Empire in India (June 22).
1556 –
1557 –
1558 –
1559 –
1560 – Emperor Sukō ascended to the throne of Japan after Emperor Go-Nara's death.
1561 –
1562 –
1563 –
1554 –
1565 – Bayinnaung of Toungoo Kingdom forced the Li out of Burma and back to Yunnan.
1566 –
1567 – Myeongjong died and the throne of Korea was inherited to his nephew Seonjo (August 12).
1568 –
1569 –
1570 – John Sigismund Zápolya abandoned claim over all of Hungary and made himself ruling prince of Transylvania.
1571 –
1572 –
1573 –
1574 –
1575 –
1576 –
1577 –
1578 –
1579 –
1580 –
1581 –
1582 –
1583 –
1584 –
1585 –
1586 –
1587 –
1588 – Emperor Sukō died and was replaced by his niece, Empress Go-Suikō of Japan.
1589 –
1590 – Empress Go-Suikō ordered an invasion to China and landed her army at Korea (May 1); Seonjo fled to China and the Japanese installed his nephew, Yeonseongsu, as King Cheongjong of Korea (August 14).
1591 –
1592 –
1593 –
1594 –
1595 –
1596 –
1597 –
1598 –
1599 –

1600[]

1600 –
1601 –
1602 –
1603 –
1604 –
1605 –
1606 –
1607 –
1608 –
1609 –
1610 –
1611 –
1612 –
1613 – Dmitry Troubetskoy was elected as the Tsar of Russia by the Zemsky Sobor of 1613, but the Sobor decided the Tsardom will be an elective position (March 3).
1614 –
1615 –
1616 –
1617 –
1618 –
1619 –
1620 –
1621 –
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1659 –
1660 –
1661 –
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1663 –
1664 –
1665 –
1666 –
1667 –
1668 –
1669 –
1670 – The Qing dynasty conquered the Li in southwestern China.
1671 –
1672 –
1673 –
1674 –
1675 –
1676 –
1677 –
1678 –
1679 –
1680 –
1681 –
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1695 –
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1697 –
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1699 –

1700[]

1701 – The Danish East India Company (Ostindisk Kompagni, OIK) bought the colony of Fort Dauphin at Tolanaro from the French East India Company.
1745 – The Swedish East India Company (Svenska Ostindiska Companiet, SOIC) claimed an abandoned English settlement at Toliara and christened it Frederikkyst.
1775 – Benjamin Franklin was elected the fourth President of the Continental Congress (May 24).
1791 –

1800[]

1801 –
1802 –
1803 –
1804 –
1805 –
1806 –
1807 –
1808 –
1809 – Frederick VI of Denmark was adopted as the crown prince by Charles XIII of Sweden (July 17).
1810 –
1811 –
1812 –
1813 – Elbridge Gerry became the 5th president of the United States (March 4); French emperor Napoleon I accepted the peace terms by the Allies (November 15).
1814 – Napoleon I was deposed as emperor by the French parliament (April 2); President Elbridge Gerry died at age of 70 (November 23).
1815 – The French Empire became a constitutional monarchy (May 11); the Corsican Republic was reinstated following the British intervention at the Congress of Vienna (July 29).
1816 – Muslim Sakalava chief, Tsimalomo, and the Governor of Frederikkyst, Johan Samuel Rosensvärd, signed a treaty that granted the Swedes a concession of major ports in the western coast of Madagascar for fifty years in exchange for protection against the Merina intruders.
1817 –
1818 – Charles XIII of Sweden died and Sweden entered into a personal union with Denmark under Frederick VI/II (February 5).
1819 –
1820 –
1821 –
1822 –
1823 –
1824 –
1825 –
1826 –
1827 –
1828 – Prince Augustus Frederick became the Archbishop of Canterbury, the primate of the Church of England (August 6).
1829 – Learned Fellowship, the regulatory body of the English language, was founded (October 14).
1830 –
1831 –
1832 –
1833 –
1834 –
1835 –
1836 –
1837 –
1838 –
1839 –
1840 –
1841 –
1842 –
1843 – Augustus Frederick died at age of 70 (April 21).
1844 – Whig nominee Henry Clay defeated Democrat James K. Polk with small margins in the 1844 U.S. presidential election (December 4).
1845 –
1846 –
1847 –
1848 –
1849 –
1850 –
1851 –
1852 – A new French constitution was passed, re-establishing a semi-absolute monarchy in France (January 14).
1853 –
1854 –
1855 –
1856 –
1857 –
1858 –
1859 –
1860 –
1861 –
1862 –
1863 –
1864 –
1865 – Denmark, Sweden and Norway signed the Treaty of Stockholm that established a union called the Kingdom of Scandinavia (June 1); Queen Rasoherina of Merina gave Scandinavia the right to rent land and property on Merina and to have a resident ambassador (September 11).
1866 –
1867 – Russian Alaska was bought and divided between the United States and Lightenstone (March 15).
1868 –
1869 – Queen Ranavalona II underwent baptism and made Lutheranism the official state religion of Merina.
1870 – Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was selected by the Cortes as the new monarch of Spain (March 2); the ascension of Leopold in Spain triggered a war between France and Prussia (July 19); France surrendered to Prussia (September 2) and was declared a republic (September 4).
1871 – Nagayama Yoshida was born at Fuchu, Musashi Province, Japan (April 8).
1877 – U.S. president Samuel J. Tilden ordered the federal troops to surpress a labor uprising in Baltimore, provoking left-wing outrage across the country (July 20).
1880 – A gold rush started in Sitka (October 18).
1881 – Ulysses S. Grant became U.S. president for the third, non-consecutive term, the first president to do so (March 4); Italy intervened on the behalf of Tunisia in repelling French military campaigns (May 3); Tunisia became an Italian protectorate (October 1).
1889 – Nikolai Ivanovitch Achinoff founded a small Russian colony at French Somaliland (January 6); A coup in Paris by the supporters of General Georges Boulanger, toppling a moderate republican government (January 27).
1890 – French parliament invested Georges Boulanger as the "President-Regent", the head of state of France (January 12).
1891 –
1892 –
1893 –
1894 – Federalist forces, led by Custódio José de Melo and Gaspar da Silveira Martins, won the civil war in Brazil, toppling a military regime that had ruled since 1889 (June 12).
1895 –
1896 –
1897 –
1898 – USS Maine exploded and sank in Havana harbor, led to the Spanish-American War (February 15); Japan launched an invasion to the Philippines, led to the Spanish-Japanese War (February 19); the Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the Spanish-American War and ceding Cuba to the U.S. sovereignty (December 10).
1899 – The Treaty of Brussels was signed, ending the Spanish-Japanese War (December 10).

1900[]

1912 – Theodore Roosevelt was elected President of the United States for a non-consecutive third term (December 16).
1914 – Japan launched an invasion to the Philippines as a part of the Allied Powers (December 1).
1915 –
1916 – Spanish capitulated to the Japan at the conclusion of the Battle of Mindanao, handling the Philippines to the Japanese rule (April 30); home rule was implemented in Ireland (May 4).
1917 – Georges Boulanger died in office at age of 80 (May 31); Finland became independent from Russia (December 6).
1918 – Guillermo I abdicated and the Spanish Republic was declared with Vicente Blasco Ibáñez named as its head of provisional government (November 15); Iceland declared independence from Scandinavia (December 1).
1919 – Japan became a republic, with Nagayama Yoshida was elected its first president (February 16); Korean republicans staged a military uprising (March 1); Prince Carl of Denmark was crowned as Kaarle I of Finland (March 10); Prince Arthur of the United Kingdom was crowned as Artúr I of Iceland (May 3).
1920 – C. B. Fry accepted the offer to the Albanian throne by the representatives of Albanian National Assembly (September 2).
1921 – Joseph Stalin, the People's Commissar for Nationalities of the Russian SFSR, died several days following a surgery for appendicitis (March 2); the Republic of Korea was founded with Song Jin-woo was elected first president (March 12).
1922 –
1923 –
1924 – Vladimir Lenin died at age of 53, replaced by Lev Kamenev as premier and followed by the power struggle within the Bolshevik Party between Leon Trotsky and Lev Kamenev-Grigory Zinoviev (January 21); Ottoman caliph Abdulmecid II choose Ahmed Sharif as-Senussi of Cyrenaica to succeed him as the caliph of Islam (March 3).
1925 – Robert M. La Follette became the 30th president of the United States (March 4); Hussein of Hejaz was recognized as the caliph of Islam by several Arab countries, creating a schism with Cyrenaica (March 29); President La Follette died in office at age 70, succeeded by Hiram Johnson (June 18).
1926 – Chiang Kai-shek launched the Northern Expedition to unify China (July 9).
1927 –
1928 – Chang Tso-lin, the warlord of Fengtian clique in Manchuria, joined the central government in Nanjing, formally ending warlordism in China (December 17).
1929 –
1930 – Republican government in southern Korea launched the Northern Pacification War to unify Korea (January 11); the Fengtian Army was ousted by the Korean republicans and the Japanese army from Korea back to Manchuria (July 14); Chiang Kai-shek was defeated by a military coalition of Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren, Chang Tso-lin, and Wang Jingwei (September 22); Yan Xishan became new President of China (September 29).
1931 – Japanese army invaded Manchuria, causing the Second Sino-Japanese War (September 18).
1932 – Yan Xishan resigned and Lin Sen became new President of China (June 1); Chiang Kai-shek was appointed Premier of China, while Chang Hsueh-liang became the Minister of Aviation that oversees the development of Chinese Air Force (June 5).
1933 – The State of Manchuria was declared (May 26); U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt created the Missouri Basin Authority, an ambitious and controversial project to generate electricity and alleviate floods in the Missouri River basin.
1934 – Sergei Kirov was elected to the Politburo of All-Union Communist Party for the first time during the 17th Party Congress (February 10).
1935 –
1936 –
1937 – Japan and China started to engage in sporadic fighting in northern China (July); a non-aggression pact was signed between China and Japan (September 22); Chiang Kai-shek was re-elected President of China (November 27)
1938 – Mustafa Fevzi Çakmak was elected new president of Turkey (December 1).
1939 – Germany invaded Poland, signaling the formal start of World War II (September 1); Lithuania followed suit by invading the Polish territory of Vilnius (September 4); the USSR invaded and annexed Cisniprian Ukraine into the Malorussian SSR as a pre-emptive effort against German expansionism (September 17); the Soviet Red Army invaded Finland and Estonia, signaling the beginning of the Winter War (November 30).
1940 – Finland-Estonia lost some of their territories to the USSR with the signing of the Moscow Peace Treaty (March 13); Chinese army invaded French Indochina (November 17); Thailand invaded French Indochina (December 12)
1941 – French colonial forces at Indochina capitulated to the Chinese army (January 4); Japan invaded the Dutch East Indies (March 13); Germany abruptly invaded the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa (June 22); Maxim Litvinov resigned as the Premier of the Soviet Union and was replaced by Sergei Kirov (June 27); Chiang Kai-shek declared war to Japan and ordered the invasion of Manchuria (July 18); the Republic of Vietnam, a puppet state of China, was declared (August 16); Chinese army crossed the Yalu, entering Korea (October 11); Chinese advances were stopped by by the Japanese and Koreans at Hongcheon (November 25).
1942 – Germany launched Operation Paukenschlag to neutralize the U.S. navy in Cuba, leading to a war declaration to the Axis Powers by the United States (January 15) and Brazil (January 18); China invaded Hong Kong (March 3) and Burma (May 7); Thailand invaded and annexed northern Malaya (May 9) as well as sent forces helping the Chinese at Burma (May 20); Sukarno launched the Merdeka Movement against the Dutch colonial era in the East Indies (November 10); Japanese army pushed the Chinese out of Korea (December 17).
1943 – Manchurian statehood was restored by Japan (April 23); Japanese army entered China (June 9); Nanjing was captured by the Japanese (December 8).
1944 – Thailand declared unconditional surrender to the Allies (September 9).
1945 – Ngô Đình Diệm usurped powers in Vietnam and declared surrender to the Allies (March 13); Franklin D. Roosevelt died due to cerebral hemorrhage at age of 63 and succeeded by Thomas E. Dewey (April 12); the Lutmyauk staged a revolt against the Chinese occupation in Burma (May 25); Soviets invaded western China through Altishahr (August 9); China capitulated to the Allies (August 25); Tibet declared independence from China (September 1); Korean army occupied Laos (September 25).
1946 – Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh San returned safely to Saigon, Vietnam from his exile (January 3); Chiang Kai-shek was executed by by a firing squad as a war criminal (June 3); the Democratic Republic of Burma was proclaimed by Thakin Than Tun, leading to a bloody colonial war (November 19).
1947 – Former prime minister of Thailand, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, was executed as a war criminal (July 29); Pakistan gained independence from the British with Liaquat Ali Khan as its first premier (August 14); India gained independence from the British with Subhas Chandra Bose as its first president (August 15); the Dutch East Indies was reformed as the Federation of Indonesia under the Dutch crown (August 17)
1948 – The Philippines gained independence from Japan (April 23); Abdullah of Jordan was assassinated by the Palestinian agents for his role in annexing the West Bank to Jordan (November 24).
1949 – The Syrian Social Nationalist Party, led by Antoun Saadeh, launched a coup in Lebanon against the government of Riad al-Solh (July 24); British recognized the Democratic Republic of Burma, ending the colonial war (December 29).
1950 – The 1949 Constitution of Palestine established a constitutional monarchy under the Hashemite dynasty with Nayef ibn Abdullah, youngest son of late Abdullah of Jordan, as the monarch (January 1); Şemsettin Günaltay became new president of Turkey (May 27); Sukarno declared the Indonesian independence as a republic (August 22).
1951 – Nagayama Yoshida resigned as president of Japan and was replaced by Matsuoka Komakichi (March 17).
1952 – Pakistan became a constitutional monarchy with Sadeq Mohammad Khan V of Bahawalpur as its first king (February 20).
1953 –
1954 –
1955 – U.S. president Joseph P. Kennedy signed the Federal Aid Highways Act, establishing a system of interconnected toll roads connecting the contiguous United States (September 1)
1956 – Fatima Jinnah became prime minister of Pakistan (September 17); Faik Ahmet Barutçu became prime minister of Turkey (September 22); Lebanese army, joined by the Palestinian fedayeens, retaliated previous Israeli offensive and crossed the Israeli territory of Galilee (November 5); ceasefire was announced between Beirut and Tel Aviv (November 15); Moshe Sharett returned as prime minister of Israel (December 2).
1957 – Adnan Menderes became new president of Turkey (November 1).
1958 –
1959 – Premier Barthélemy Boganda of Ubangi-Shari miraculously survived a plane crash (March 29).
1960 – The Central African Republic gained independence from France as a federation between Ubangi-Shari, the Middle Congo and Chad (August 19).
1961 – A military coup in Turkey, toppling President Adnan Menderes (May 27); President Gamal Abdel Nasser of the United Arab Republic sent Ali Sabri, instead of his initial choice Vice President Abdel Hakim Amer, as the Inspector General for Syria (August 13); Amer was removed by Nasser from the vice-presidency, while Sarraj reconsolidated himself to rule Syria as his own "police state." (September 20).
1962 – Ne Win launched an anti-communist coup in Burma, starting a civil war (March 2).
1963 –
1964 – Communist force won the civil war in Burma, declaring the country a socialist state (March 15); Río Muni was granted status as an independent republic by the United States (August 13).
1965 –
1966 – Stafford Beer appointed as the foresitter of British Railways, spearheading modernization and computerization of the company (January 7).
1967 –
1968 –
1969 – Western New Guinea joined Indonesia (August 16)
1970 – The Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union funded OGAS, a nationwide computer network, to optimize economic planning.
1971 –
1972 –
1973 – Martial law was declared in Indonesia, following anti-Japanese riots (March 30).
1974 –
1975 – President Sukarno of Indonesia died at the age of 74 (May 29); martial law was lifted in Indonesia (June 2).
1976 –
1977 –
1978 –
1979 –
1980 –
1981 –
1982 –
1983 –
1984 –
1985 –
1986 – Bo Kyaw Zaw, the premier of Burma, introduced socialist market economic system in Burma (December 15)
1987 –
1988 – Thakin Than Tun, the long-time president of Burma and leader of the Burmese Communist Party, died in office at the age of 77 (March 24).
1989 –
1990 –
1991 –
1992 –
1993 –
1994 –
1995 –
1996 –
1997 –
1998 –
1999 –

2000[]

2000 –
2001 –
2002 –
2003 –
2004 –
2005 –
2006 –
2007 –
2008 –
2009 –
2010 –
2011 –
2012 –
2013 –
2014 –
2015 –
2016 –
2017 –
2018 –
2019 –
2020 –
2021 – Bernie Sanders became the 44th president of the United States (January 20).