Treaty of Charlottenburg (Loyal Italy)

Treaty of Peace between the Central and Associated Powers and Russia
Signed	December 25, 1916
Location	Charlottenburg Palace, Berlin, Germany
Effective	January 10, 1917
; ; ; Signatories	Germany; Italy; Austria-Hungary; Ottoman Empire; Bulgaria; Russia;
Languages	German, Russian, Italian

Terms[]

The nations of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia are established as independent republics under German influence, and Russia recognizes the independence of all three.
Russia accepts Finland's independence
Russia agrees to end its influence in the Balkans, and is restricted from entering into an alliance with Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Greece, and Romania.
Germany gains control of Poland and Belarus from Russia.
Austria-Hungary gains control of a small section of Ukraine.
Ukraine is formed as an independent Republic, which gains control of the Crimean peninsula, and Russia recognizes the independence of Ukraine.
The Ottoman Empire gains land in the Caucasus south of the Kuban and Terek Rivers.

Russia would renounce all claims to Persia.
The Ottoman Empire would gain a section of Russian Persian, including Tabriz.
Russia gives Germany all of its land on Sakhalin Island (this was mainly to be used as a bargaining chip with Japan).
Russia gave up all treaty ports in China to Germany. For all concessions in China that Germany already had access to, Italy replaced Russia. For all concessions in China that Germany and Italy already had access to, Austria-Hungary replaced Russia. If Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Italy all had access to the same concession in China, then Russia would be allowed to keep that concession.

All signatories agrees to not block access to sea for any body of water, not including rivers within a country. This also did not restict taxing Russian ships hoping to use the Suez Canal.