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| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Scots: Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Ireland Timeline: Alexander the LiberatorUlster Scots: Claught Kängrick o Docht Brätain an Airlann Welsh: Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon Irish: Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus na hÉireann | ||||||
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| Anthem: I Vow to Thee, My Country Royal anthem: God Save the King |
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| Capital (and largest city) | London | |||||
| Other cities | Manchester, Birmingham, Dublin, Belfast, Edinburgh, Liverpool | |||||
| Official languages | English | |||||
| Regional languages | Welsh, Scots, Ulster Scots, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Cornish | |||||
| Ethnic groups | 82.2% White British/Native British/Irish Traveller 9.5% Other Europeans 2.6% South Asian 2.1% Chinese Diaspora/Hong Kong Chinese 1.5% Mixed Race 1.2% Afro-British 0.8% Others |
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| Religion | Secular | |||||
| Demonym | British | |||||
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy | |||||
| - | Monarch | William V | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Keir Starmer | ||||
| Legislature | Parliament | |||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2021 estimate | 38,008,005 | ||||
| - | 2016 census | 35,151,728 | ||||
| Currency | Pound sterling (GBP) |
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK or U.K.), or Britain, is a sovereign country in north-western Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the islands of Great Britain and Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. The United Kingdom is surrounded by the northern Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west, giving it one of the longest coastlines in the world. The Irish Sea separates the islands of Great Britain and Ireland.
The United Kingdom is a federal parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy. The current reigning monarch is King William V, who has reigned since 1997. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, and education.