The United States Congress was the main body of the legislative branch of the U.S. Government. Congress was made up by the House of Representatives, containing 382 representatives (as of its last assembly, apportioned based on the 1920 Census) elected for two year terms, and the Senate, containing two senators from every state that are chosen for six year terms. Congress was responsible for making the laws of the United States.
The House of Representatives was led by the Speaker of the House, elected by the House's members. The Senate was led by the President of the Senate, the Vice President of the United States. Congress was dissolved and abolished on September 14, 1928, after Socialist militias entered the capital. Both the House and Senate had been steadily dwindling in membership up to that point as politicians fled the country, attempting to avoid arrest by the leftist uprising. Only 95 members of Congress were still present to be arrested on the day the US fell.
List of Congresses[]
The main purpose of this article is to list the various Congresses, their party composition, and their leadership.
38th Congress[]
39th Congress[]
March 4, 1865-March 4, 1867
Membership[]
Democratic | Republican | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 14 | 38 | 52 |
House of Representatives | 68 | 115 | 183 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +4
House: Republican +31
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Andrew Johnson (D)
Speaker of the House: Schuyler Colfax (R)
40th Congress[]
March 4, 1867-March 4, 1869
Membership[]
Democratic | Republican | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 26 | 24 | 50 |
House of Representatives | 129 | 25 | 154 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +12
House: Democratic +61
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Andrew Johnson (D)
Speaker of the House: James Brooks (D)
41st Congress[]
March 4, 1869-March 4, 1871
Membership[]
Democratic | Republican | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 36 | 14 | 50 |
House of Representatives | 127 | 27 | 154 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +10
House: Republican +2
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Augustus C. Dodge (D)
Speaker of the House: James Brooks (D)
42nd Congress[]
March 4, 1871-March 4, 1873
Membership[]
Democratic | Republican | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 39 | 11 | 50 |
House of Representatives | 136 | 18 | 154 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +3
House: Democratic +9
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Augustus C. Dodge (D)
Speaker of the House: James Brooks (D)
43rd Congress[]
March 4, 1873-March 4, 1875
Membership[]
Democratic | Opposition | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 49 | 3 | 52 |
House of Representatives | 220 | 13 | 233 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +10
House: Democratic +84
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Augustus C. Dodge (D)
Speaker of the House: James Brooks (D), until April 10, 1873
Samuel J. Randall (D), from 1873-75
44th Congress[]
March 4, 1875-March 4, 1877
Membership[]
American | Democratic | National | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 5 | 39 | 8 | 52 |
House of Representatives | 29 | 184 | 20 | 233 |
Gains:
Senate: National +8, American +5
House: American +29, National +20
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Augustus C. Dodge (D)
Speaker of the House: Samuel J. Randall (D)
45th Congress[]
March 4, 1877-March 4, 1879
Membership[]
American | Democratic | National | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 9 | 32 | 15 | 56 |
House of Representatives | 45 | 139 | 49 | 233 |
Gains:
Senate: National +7, American +4
House: National +29, American +16
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
Speaker of the House: Samuel J. Randall (D)
46th Congress[]
March 4, 1879-March 4, 1881
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 30 | 26 | 56 |
House of Representatives | 132 | 101 | 233 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +26
House: National American +101
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
Speaker of the House: Samuel J. Randall (D)
47th Congress[]
March 4, 1881-March 4, 1883
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 24 | 32 | 56 |
House of Representatives | 96 | 142 | 238 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +6
House: National American +41
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
Speaker of the House: J. Warren Keifer (NA)
48th Congress[]
March 4, 1883-March 4, 1885
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 26 | 30 | 56 |
House of Representatives | 109 | 129 | 238 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +2
House: Democratic +13
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
Speaker of the House: J. Warren Keifer (NA)
49th Congress[]
March 4, 1885-March 4, 1887
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 25 | 31 | 56 |
House of Representatives | 113 | 125 | 238 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +1
House: Democratic +4
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Levi P. Morton (NA), until June 22, 1885
Speaker of the House: Walter L. Sessions (NA)
50th Congress[]
March 4, 1887-March 4, 1889
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 30 | 26 | 56 |
House of Representatives | 134 | 104 | 238 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +5
House: Democratic +21
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Vacant
Speaker of the House: John G. Carlisle (D)
51st Congress[]
March 4, 1889-March 4, 1891
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 29 | 37 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 140 | 98 | 238 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +11
House: Democratic +6
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Daniel W. Vorhees (D)
Speaker of the House: William S. Holman (D)
52nd Congress[]
March 4, 1891-March 4, 1893
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 32 | 34 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 131 | 107 | 238 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +3
House: National American +9
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Daniel W. Vorhees (D)
Speaker of the House: William S. Holman (D)
53rd Congress[]
March 4, 1893-March 4, 1895
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Populist | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 34 | 29 | 3 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 129 | 137 | 2 | 268 |
Gains:
Senate: Populist +3, Democratic +2
House: National American +30, Populist +2
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Morgan Bulkeley (NA)
Speaker of the House: Thomas Brackett Reed (NA)
54th Congress[]
March 4, 1895-March 4, 1897
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Populist | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 34 | 31 | 1 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 120 | 138 | 11 | 268 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +2
House: Populist +9, National American +1
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Morgan Bulkeley (NA)
Speaker of the House: Thomas Brackett Reed (NA)
55th Congress[]
March 4, 1897-March 4, 1899
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 34 | 32 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 181 | 87 | 268 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +1
House: Democratic +52
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Arthur Sewall (D)
Speaker of the House: John J. Lentz (D)
56th Congress[]
March 4, 1899-March 4, 1901
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 37 | 29 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 195 | 73 | 268 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +3
House: Democratic +14
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Arthur Sewall (D), until September 5, 1900
Speaker of the House: John J. Lentz (D)
57th Congress[]
March 4, 1901-March 4, 1903
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 34 | 32 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 163 | 105 | 268 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +3
House: National American +32
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: George Gray (D), until October 27, 1901
Speaker of the House: James T. Lloyd (D)
58th Congress[]
March 4, 1903-March 4, 1905
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 35 | 31 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 167 | 123 | 290 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +1
House: National American +18, Democratic +4
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: None
Speaker of the House: James T. Lloyd (D)
59th Congress[]
March 4, 1905-March 4, 1907
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 30 | 36 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 130 | 160 | 290 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +5
House: National American +37
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Robert R. Hitt (NA), until September 20, 1906
Speaker of the House: Joseph G. Cannon (NA)
60th Congress[]
March 4, 1907-March 4, 1909
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 28 | 38 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 137 | 153 | 290 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +2
House: Democratic +7
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Robert M. La Follette (NA)
Speaker of the House: Joseph G. Cannon (NA)
61st Congress[]
March 4, 1909-March 4, 1911
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 31 | 35 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 117 | 173 | 290 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +3
House: National American +20
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Robert M. La Follette (NA)
Speaker of the House: Joseph G. Cannon (NA)
62nd Congress[]
March 4, 1911-March 4, 1913
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Senate | 30 | 36 | 66 |
House of Representatives | 138 | 152 | 290 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +1
House: Democratic +21
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Robert M. La Follette (NA)
Speaker of the House: Joseph G. Cannon (NA)
63rd Congress[]
March 4, 1913-March 4, 1915
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Progressive | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 30 | 39 | 1 | 70 |
House of Representatives | 169 | 141 | 25 | 335 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +3, Progressive +1
House: Democratic +31, Progressive +25
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Herbert S. Hadley (NA)
Speaker of the House: Champ Clark (D)
64th Congress[]
March 4, 1915-March 4, 1917
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Progressive | Socialist | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 32 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 70 |
House of Representatives | 150 | 172 | 10 | 3 | 335 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +2
House: National American +31, Socialist +3
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Herbert S. Hadley (NA)
Speaker of the House: Frederick H. Gillett (NA)
65th Congress[]
March 4, 1917-March 4, 1919
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Progressive | Socialist | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 31 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 70 |
House of Representatives | 136 | 191 | 1 | 7 | 335 |
Gains:
Senate: National American +1
House: National American +19, Socialist +4
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Herbert S. Hadley (NA)
Speaker of the House: Frederick H. Gillett (NA)
66th Congress[]
March 4, 1919-March 4, 1921
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Socialist | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 35 | 35 | 0 | 70 |
House of Representatives | 149 | 179 | 7 | 335 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +4
House: Democratic +13
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Herbert S. Hadley (NA)
Speaker of the House: Frederick H. Gillett (NA)
67th Congress[]
March 4, 1921-March 4, 1923
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Socialist | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 38 | 32 | 0 | 70 |
House of Representatives | 165 | 147 | 23 | 335 |
Gains:
Senate: Democratic +3
House: Democratic +16, Socialist +16
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Irvine Lenroot (NA)
Speaker of the House: Henry Thomas Rainey (D)
68th Congress[]
March 4, 1923-March 4, 1925
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Socialist | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 33 | 27 | 10 | 70 |
House of Representatives | 154 | 108 | 120 | 382 |
Gains:
Senate: Socialist +10
House: Socialist +97
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Irvine Lenroot (NA), until August 2, 1923
Speaker of the House: Henry Thomas Rainey (D)
69th Congress[]
March 4, 1925-September 14, 1928
Membership[]
Democratic | National American | Socialist | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Senate | 30 | 23 | 17 | 70 |
House of Representatives | 132 | 87 | 163 | 382 |
Gains:
Senate: Socialist +7
House: Socialist +43
Leadership[]
President of the Senate: Charles W. Bryan (D), until June 15, 1925
Speaker of the House: Nicholas Longworth (NA)
Lists[]
Presidents of the Senate: See here.
Pre-POD Speakers of the House: See here.
No. | Name | Took Office | Left Office | State | Party |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
26 | James Brooks | March 4, 1867 | April 10, 1873 | New York | Democratic |
27 | Samuel J. Randall | April 26, 1873 | March 4, 1881 | Pennsylvania | Democratic |
28 | J. Warren Keifer | March 4, 1881 | March 4, 1885 | Ohio | National American |
29 | Walter L. Sessions | March 4, 1885 | March 4, 1887 | New York | National American |
30 | John G. Carlisle | March 6, 1887 | March 4, 1889 | Kentucky | Democratic |
31 | William S. Holman | March 4, 1889 | March 4, 1893 | Indiana | Democratic |
32 | Thomas Brackett Reed | December 4, 1893 | March 4, 1897 | Maine | National American |
33 | John J. Lentz | November 2, 1897 | March 4, 1901 | Ohio | Democratic |
34 | James T. Lloyd | April 23, 1901 | March 4, 1905 | Missouri | Democratic |
35 | Joseph G. Cannon | March 27, 1905 | March 3, 1913 | Illinois | National American |
36 | Champ Clark | August 7, 1913 | March 4, 1915 | Missouri | Democratic |
37 | Frederick H. Gillett | September 11, 1915 | March 4, 1921 | Massachusetts | National American |
38 | Henry Thomas Rainey | October 1, 1921 | March 4, 1925 | Illinois | Democratic |
39 | Nicholas Longworth | April 15, 1925 | September 5, 1928 | Ohio | National American |
Control[]
Congress | Party in Control |
---|---|
1867-1869 | Democratic |
1869-1871 | Democratic |
1871-1873 | Democratic |
1873-1875 | Democratic |
1875-1877 | Democratic |
1877-1879 | Democratic |
1879-1881 | Democratic |
1881-1883 | National American |
1883-1885 | National American |
1885-1887 | National American |
1887-1889 | Democratic |
1889-1891 | National American |
1891-1893 | National American |
1893-1895 | Democratic |
1895-1897 | Democratic |
1897-1899 | Democratic |
1899-1901 | Democratic |
1901-1903 | Democratic |
1903-1905 | Democratic |
1905-1907 | National American |
1907-1909 | National American |
1909-1911 | National American |
1911-1913 | National American |
1913-1915 | National American |
1915-1917 | National American |
1917-1919 | National American |
1919-1921 | National American |
1921-1923 | Democratic |
1923-1925 | Democratic |
1925-1928 | Democratic |
Congress | Party in Control |
---|---|
1867-1869 | Democratic |
1869-1871 | Democratic |
1871-1873 | Democratic |
1873-1875 | Democratic |
1875-1877 | Democratic |
1877-1879 | Democratic |
1879-1881 | Democratic |
1881-1883 | National American |
1883-1885 | National American |
1885-1887 | National American |
1887-1889 | Democratic |
1889-1891 | Democratic |
1891-1893 | Democratic |
1893-1895 | National American |
1895-1897 | National American |
1897-1899 | Democratic |
1899-1901 | Democratic |
1901-1903 | Democratic |
1903-1905 | Democratic |
1905-1907 | National American |
1907-1909 | National American |
1909-1911 | National American |
1911-1913 | National American |
1913-1915 | Democratic |
1915-1917 | National American |
1917-1919 | National American |
1919-1921 | National American |
1921-1923 | Democratic |
1923-1925 | Democratic |
1925-1928 | Socialist |
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