Alternative History
Alternative History

The United States Congress was the main body of the legislative branch of the U.S. Government. Congress was made up by the House of Representatives, containing 382 representatives (as of its last assembly, apportioned based on the 1920 Census) elected for two year terms, and the Senate, containing two senators from every state that are chosen for six year terms. Congress was responsible for making the laws of the United States.

The House of Representatives was led by the Speaker of the House, elected by the House's members. The Senate was led by the President of the Senate, the Vice President of the United States. Congress was dissolved and abolished on September 14, 1928, after Socialist militias entered the capital. Both the House and Senate had been steadily dwindling in membership up to that point as politicians fled the country, attempting to avoid arrest by the leftist uprising. Only 95 members of Congress were still present to be arrested on the day the US fell.

List of Congresses[]

The main purpose of this article is to list the various Congresses, their party composition, and their leadership.

38th Congress[]

See here.

39th Congress[]

March 4, 1865-March 4, 1867


Membership[]

Democratic Republican Total
Senate 14 38 52
House of Representatives 68 115 183

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +4

House: Republican +31

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Andrew Johnson (D)

Speaker of the House: Schuyler Colfax (R)


40th Congress[]

March 4, 1867-March 4, 1869


Membership[]

Democratic Republican Total
Senate 26 24 50
House of Representatives 129 25 154

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +12

House: Democratic +61

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Andrew Johnson (D)

Speaker of the House: James Brooks (D)


41st Congress[]

March 4, 1869-March 4, 1871


Membership[]

Democratic Republican Total
Senate 36 14 50
House of Representatives 127 27 154

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +10

House: Republican +2

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Augustus C. Dodge (D)

Speaker of the House: James Brooks (D)



42nd Congress[]

March 4, 1871-March 4, 1873


Membership[]

Democratic Republican Total
Senate 39 11 50
House of Representatives 136 18 154

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +3

House: Democratic +9

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Augustus C. Dodge (D)

Speaker of the House: James Brooks (D)


43rd Congress[]

March 4, 1873-March 4, 1875


Membership[]

Democratic Opposition Total
Senate 49 3 52
House of Representatives 220 13 233

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +10

House: Democratic +84

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Augustus C. Dodge (D)

Speaker of the House: James Brooks (D), until April 10, 1873

Samuel J. Randall (D), from 1873-75



44th Congress[]

March 4, 1875-March 4, 1877


Membership[]

American Democratic National Total
Senate 5 39 8 52
House of Representatives 29 184 20 233

Gains:

Senate: National +8, American +5

House: American +29, National +20

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Augustus C. Dodge (D)

Speaker of the House: Samuel J. Randall (D)


45th Congress[]

March 4, 1877-March 4, 1879


Membership[]

American Democratic National Total
Senate 9 32 15 56
House of Representatives 45 139 49 233

Gains:

Senate: National +7, American +4

House: National +29, American +16

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)

Speaker of the House: Samuel J. Randall (D)



46th Congress[]

March 4, 1879-March 4, 1881


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 30 26 56
House of Representatives 132 101 233

Gains:

Senate: National American +26

House: National American +101

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)

Speaker of the House: Samuel J. Randall (D)


47th Congress[]

March 4, 1881-March 4, 1883


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 24 32 56
House of Representatives 96 142 238

Gains:

Senate: National American +6

House: National American +41

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)

Speaker of the House: J. Warren Keifer (NA)


48th Congress[]

March 4, 1883-March 4, 1885


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 26 30 56
House of Representatives 109 129 238

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +2

House: Democratic +13

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)

Speaker of the House: J. Warren Keifer (NA)


49th Congress[]

March 4, 1885-March 4, 1887


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 25 31 56
House of Representatives 113 125 238

Gains:

Senate: National American +1

House: Democratic +4

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Levi P. Morton (NA), until June 22, 1885

Speaker of the House: Walter L. Sessions (NA)


50th Congress[]

March 4, 1887-March 4, 1889


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 30 26 56
House of Representatives 134 104 238

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +5

House: Democratic +21

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Vacant

Speaker of the House: John G. Carlisle (D)


51st Congress[]

March 4, 1889-March 4, 1891


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 29 37 66
House of Representatives 140 98 238

Gains:

Senate: National American +11

House: Democratic +6

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Daniel W. Vorhees (D)

Speaker of the House: William S. Holman (D)


52nd Congress[]

March 4, 1891-March 4, 1893


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 32 34 66
House of Representatives 131 107 238

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +3

House: National American +9

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Daniel W. Vorhees (D)

Speaker of the House: William S. Holman (D)



53rd Congress[]

March 4, 1893-March 4, 1895


Membership[]

Democratic National American Populist Total
Senate 34 29 3 66
House of Representatives 129 137 2 268

Gains:

Senate: Populist +3, Democratic +2

House: National American +30, Populist +2

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Morgan Bulkeley (NA)

Speaker of the House: Thomas Brackett Reed (NA)



54th Congress[]

March 4, 1895-March 4, 1897


Membership[]

Democratic National American Populist Total
Senate 34 31 1 66
House of Representatives 120 138 11 268

Gains:

Senate: National American +2

House: Populist +9, National American +1

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Morgan Bulkeley (NA)

Speaker of the House: Thomas Brackett Reed (NA)



55th Congress[]

March 4, 1897-March 4, 1899


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 34 32 66
House of Representatives 181 87 268

Gains:

Senate: National American +1

House: Democratic +52

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Arthur Sewall (D)

Speaker of the House: John J. Lentz (D)


56th Congress[]

March 4, 1899-March 4, 1901


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 37 29 66
House of Representatives 195 73 268

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +3

House: Democratic +14

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Arthur Sewall (D), until September 5, 1900

Speaker of the House: John J. Lentz (D)


57th Congress[]

March 4, 1901-March 4, 1903


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 34 32 66
House of Representatives 163 105 268

Gains:

Senate: National American +3

House: National American +32

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: George Gray (D), until October 27, 1901

Speaker of the House: James T. Lloyd (D)


58th Congress[]

March 4, 1903-March 4, 1905


Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 35 31 66
House of Representatives 167 123 290

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +1

House: National American +18, Democratic +4

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: None

Speaker of the House: James T. Lloyd (D)


59th Congress[]

March 4, 1905-March 4, 1907

Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 30 36 66
House of Representatives 130 160 290

Gains:

Senate: National American +5

House: National American +37

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Robert R. Hitt (NA), until September 20, 1906

Speaker of the House: Joseph G. Cannon (NA)

60th Congress[]

March 4, 1907-March 4, 1909

Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 28 38 66
House of Representatives 137 153 290

Gains:

Senate: National American +2

House: Democratic +7

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Robert M. La Follette (NA)

Speaker of the House: Joseph G. Cannon (NA)


61st Congress[]

March 4, 1909-March 4, 1911

Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 31 35 66
House of Representatives 117 173 290

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +3

House: National American +20

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Robert M. La Follette (NA)

Speaker of the House: Joseph G. Cannon (NA)


62nd Congress[]

March 4, 1911-March 4, 1913

Membership[]

Democratic National American Total
Senate 30 36 66
House of Representatives 138 152 290

Gains:

Senate: National American +1

House: Democratic +21

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Robert M. La Follette (NA)

Speaker of the House: Joseph G. Cannon (NA)


63rd Congress[]

March 4, 1913-March 4, 1915

Membership[]

Democratic National American Progressive Total
Senate 30 39 1 70
House of Representatives 169 141 25 335

Gains:

Senate: National American +3, Progressive +1

House: Democratic +31, Progressive +25

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Herbert S. Hadley (NA)

Speaker of the House: Champ Clark (D)



64th Congress[]

March 4, 1915-March 4, 1917

Membership[]

Democratic National American Progressive Socialist Total
Senate 32 38 0 0 70
House of Representatives 150 172 10 3 335

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +2

House: National American +31, Socialist +3

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Herbert S. Hadley (NA)

Speaker of the House: Frederick H. Gillett (NA)



65th Congress[]

March 4, 1917-March 4, 1919

Membership[]

Democratic National American Progressive Socialist Total
Senate 31 39 0 0 70
House of Representatives 136 191 1 7 335

Gains:

Senate: National American +1

House: National American +19, Socialist +4

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Herbert S. Hadley (NA)

Speaker of the House: Frederick H. Gillett (NA)


66th Congress[]

March 4, 1919-March 4, 1921

Membership[]

Democratic National American Socialist Total
Senate 35 35 0 70
House of Representatives 149 179 7 335

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +4

House: Democratic +13

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Herbert S. Hadley (NA)

Speaker of the House: Frederick H. Gillett (NA)


67th Congress[]

March 4, 1921-March 4, 1923

Membership[]

Democratic National American Socialist Total
Senate 38 32 0 70
House of Representatives 165 147 23 335

Gains:

Senate: Democratic +3

House: Democratic +16, Socialist +16

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Irvine Lenroot (NA)

Speaker of the House: Henry Thomas Rainey (D)


68th Congress[]

March 4, 1923-March 4, 1925

Membership[]

Democratic National American Socialist Total
Senate 33 27 10 70
House of Representatives 154 108 120 382

Gains:

Senate: Socialist +10

House: Socialist +97

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Irvine Lenroot (NA), until August 2, 1923

Speaker of the House: Henry Thomas Rainey (D)


69th Congress[]

March 4, 1925-September 14, 1928

Membership[]

Democratic National American Socialist Total
Senate 30 23 17 70
House of Representatives 132 87 163 382

Gains:

Senate: Socialist +7

House: Socialist +43

Leadership[]

President of the Senate: Charles W. Bryan (D), until June 15, 1925

Speaker of the House: Nicholas Longworth (NA)


Lists[]

Presidents of the Senate: See here.


Pre-POD Speakers of the House: See here.


Speakers of the House of Representatives
No. Name Took Office Left Office State Party
26 James Brooks March 4, 1867 April 10, 1873 New York Democratic
27 Samuel J. Randall April 26, 1873 March 4, 1881 Pennsylvania Democratic
28 J. Warren Keifer March 4, 1881 March 4, 1885 Ohio National American
29 Walter L. Sessions March 4, 1885 March 4, 1887 New York National American
30 John G. Carlisle March 6, 1887 March 4, 1889 Kentucky Democratic
31 William S. Holman March 4, 1889 March 4, 1893 Indiana Democratic
32 Thomas Brackett Reed December 4, 1893 March 4, 1897 Maine National American
33 John J. Lentz November 2, 1897 March 4, 1901 Ohio Democratic
34 James T. Lloyd April 23, 1901 March 4, 1905 Missouri Democratic
35 Joseph G. Cannon March 27, 1905 March 3, 1913 Illinois National American
36 Champ Clark August 7, 1913 March 4, 1915 Missouri Democratic
37 Frederick H. Gillett September 11, 1915 March 4, 1921 Massachusetts National American
38 Henry Thomas Rainey October 1, 1921 March 4, 1925 Illinois Democratic
39 Nicholas Longworth April 15, 1925 September 5, 1928 Ohio National American


Control[]


Senate
Congress Party in Control
1867-1869 Democratic
1869-1871 Democratic
1871-1873 Democratic
1873-1875 Democratic
1875-1877 Democratic
1877-1879 Democratic
1879-1881 Democratic
1881-1883 National American
1883-1885 National American
1885-1887 National American
1887-1889 Democratic
1889-1891 National American
1891-1893 National American
1893-1895 Democratic
1895-1897 Democratic
1897-1899 Democratic
1899-1901 Democratic
1901-1903 Democratic
1903-1905 Democratic
1905-1907 National American
1907-1909 National American
1909-1911 National American
1911-1913 National American
1913-1915 National American
1915-1917 National American
1917-1919 National American
1919-1921 National American
1921-1923 Democratic
1923-1925 Democratic
1925-1928 Democratic

House of Representatives
Congress Party in Control
1867-1869 Democratic
1869-1871 Democratic
1871-1873 Democratic
1873-1875 Democratic
1875-1877 Democratic
1877-1879 Democratic
1879-1881 Democratic
1881-1883 National American
1883-1885 National American
1885-1887 National American
1887-1889 Democratic
1889-1891 Democratic
1891-1893 Democratic
1893-1895 National American
1895-1897 National American
1897-1899 Democratic
1899-1901 Democratic
1901-1903 Democratic
1903-1905 Democratic
1905-1907 National American
1907-1909 National American
1909-1911 National American
1911-1913 National American
1913-1915 Democratic
1915-1917 National American
1917-1919 National American
1919-1921 National American
1921-1923 Democratic
1923-1925 Democratic
1925-1928 Socialist